Built-in functions

func main() {
    local var message string = "  Hello, Sarlin  "
    local var values string[] = message.trim().split(", ")
    local var scores dictionary[string, int32] = ["Bob": 100]

    print(message.to_upper())
    print(values)
    print(scores.get("Alice", 0))
    print(square_root(81.0))
}

Output

print(value) writes one value followed by a newline. It accepts one argument and supports numeric values, booleans, strings, arrays and dictionaries.

Time

func main() {
    local var launch Time = Time.countdown(01:30:00:000)
    launch.start()

    if launch {
        print(launch.remaining)
    }

    if launch.finished {
        print("Launch")
    }
}

Duration fields are read from right to left as milliseconds, seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Time.countdown(30) is 30 milliseconds;Time.countdown(05:000) is five seconds; andTime.countdown(01:30:00:000) is one hour and 30 minutes.

A timer used as an if or while condition is true only while running. The clock advances independently, but a normalwhile loop still repeats as fast as its body allows. A timer cannot be printed directly; print remaining, elapsedor a state property instead.

Files

func main() {
    local const folder string = "saves"
    local const save_file string = path.join(folder, "player.txt")

    directory.ensure(folder)
    file.write(save_file, "score: 100")
    file.append_line(save_file, "ready")

    if file.exists(save_file) {
        print(file.read(save_file))
        print(file.size(save_file))
    }

    print(directory.list(folder))
}

Directories

directory.remove() removes empty directories only. Recursive deletion is deliberately not provided.

Paths

Path functions are lexical: they do not require the target to exist. They use forward slashes and do not resolve . or .. segments.

Serialization

func main() {
    local var scores dictionary[string, int32] = [
        "Ada": 10
        "Grace": 20
    ]

    local var encoded string = JSON.stringify(scores)
    print(encoded)

    local var decoded dictionary[string, int32] = JSON.parse(encoded)
    print(decoded["Ada"])
}

JSON.parse is directed by the type it is being stored into, so it always needs a destination: local var scores dictionary[string, int32] = JSON.parse(text) works, while print(JSON.parse(text))is rejected. Decoding checks the text against that type, so a value outside the destination integer range, a missing entry in a fixed dictionary, or a JSON nullstops the program with a clear runtime diagnostic.

Both directions support numbers, booleans, strings, arrays and dictionaries. Dictionaries must use string keys, because JSON object names are always strings. Classes and defines are not supported in either direction, andJSON.parse additionally rejects fixed-size array destinations.

func main() {
    local var rows string[][] = [
        ["name", "note"],
        ["Ada", "math, logic"]
    ]

    local var encoded string = CSV.stringify(rows)
    print(encoded)

    local var decoded string[][] = CSV.parse(encoded)
    print(decoded[1][1])
}

CSV is always string[][]: one array per row, one string per field. Rows may have different field counts. Parsing accepts both LF andCRLF line endings, and understands quoted fields containing commas, line breaks and doubled quotes. Encoding quotes a field only when it contains a comma, a quote or a line break.

Strings

Strings are immutable and their operations are byte-based. ASCII case conversion and ASCII whitespace trimming do not perform full Unicode case or whitespace processing. Every transforming method returns a new string.

Arrays

Dictionaries

Mathematics

absolute, minimum andmaximum preserve their numeric input type. Rounding, square root and power operate on float32 or float64 and preserve that floating-point type.